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  3. Display Your Know How: Thermal Relief

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Display Your Know How: Thermal Relief

PCBTech
PCBTech 7 months ago

Can you think of any design methods to enable the removal of thermal reliefs, such as shown in the following scenario?

Thermal relief traces

 Thermal reliefs are widely used to improve assembly soldering. However, after soldering is complete these copper features generally do not favour the electrical or thermal performance of the circuit. So what if we could remove them?

Simply suggest any ideas how we could do this in the comments below. Any alternatives and opinions are welcome!

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  • FalcomPeter
    FalcomPeter 6 months ago

    You could change the narrow trace to a bigger shape and change both to full contact. This way both sides would have similar thermal properties and the risk of tombstoning would be reduced.

    Bonus note: If the component is a DFN type, the risk of tombstoning is not so big, because of reduced leverage on the terminals. Agree?

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  • PCBTech
    PCBTech 6 months ago in reply to FalcomPeter

    Gold star answer - thank you FalcomPeter !!

    Agreed, changing the narrow trace on the right side pin of the surface mount component will help to balance the thermal properties of this part which will help production. You have rightly pointed out that the issue of tombstoning is of concern for discrete component types. This phenomenon describes components that lift on one side due to a timing imbalance of soldering between different pins. The finished PCB may look something like a graveyard if lots of "tombstones" are sticking up in the air indicating a dead circuit due to these broken connections.

    It is caused when one surface pad heats up much faster than the other. The melted solder pulls on one side of the component due to surface tension and buoyancy. Without a counteractive pull from the other unmelted side, lightweight components will rise into the air. Videos of this phenomenon are available to view on public channels such as youtube. 

    Question though: which side heats up quicker - the side with wider copper or the side with less copper? Remember the heat energy comes from the atmosphere.

    Do you have any thoughts on the through-hole discussion? Any insights would be very welcome. One point we would like to mention is the assembly technique known as "intrusive reflow", Some manufacturing engineers also name it "pin in paste". 

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  • PCBTech
    PCBTech 6 months ago in reply to FalcomPeter

    Gold star answer - thank you FalcomPeter !!

    Agreed, changing the narrow trace on the right side pin of the surface mount component will help to balance the thermal properties of this part which will help production. You have rightly pointed out that the issue of tombstoning is of concern for discrete component types. This phenomenon describes components that lift on one side due to a timing imbalance of soldering between different pins. The finished PCB may look something like a graveyard if lots of "tombstones" are sticking up in the air indicating a dead circuit due to these broken connections.

    It is caused when one surface pad heats up much faster than the other. The melted solder pulls on one side of the component due to surface tension and buoyancy. Without a counteractive pull from the other unmelted side, lightweight components will rise into the air. Videos of this phenomenon are available to view on public channels such as youtube. 

    Question though: which side heats up quicker - the side with wider copper or the side with less copper? Remember the heat energy comes from the atmosphere.

    Do you have any thoughts on the through-hole discussion? Any insights would be very welcome. One point we would like to mention is the assembly technique known as "intrusive reflow", Some manufacturing engineers also name it "pin in paste". 

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  • PCBTech
    PCBTech 6 months ago in reply to PCBTech

    Example of thermal balancing of smd pins with no thermal reliefs (full contact with copper planes)

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