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The AMBA LTI (Local Translation Interface) defines the point-to-point protocol between an I/O device and the TLBU (Translation Buffer Unit) of an Arm System Memory Management (SMMU). The LTI protocol is used by systems built based on the Arm System SMMUv3 architecture specification.

The LTI protocol defines three different channels to request a translation for each transaction coming from an I/O Device. Additionally,…

As technology continues to advance, so do the ways we connect and manage memory and devices in our computing systems. The latest version of Compute Express Link (CXL) 3.1 introduces a feature known as extended metadata. This feature brings significant improvements to how memory transactions are handled, leading to better performance and efficiency. Let's break down what extended metadata is, why it's important, and how…

When developing system-on-chip (SoC) solutions, the key features often minimize size, maximize performance, and achieve low power consumption while decreasing costs. These requirements are true for most industries, including AI-powered consumer devices, energy-intensive data centers, cloud-based enterprise systems, and smart autonomous vehicles. To meet these stringent requirements, selecting the right interface IP under…

Different RTL designs often require different specially designed parallel interfaces. These different interface requirements serve varying needs, such as certain blocks not being ready when the design is under development. To speed up simulation during unit testing, DisplayPort needs to connect to other protocols. Instead of creating a new physical pin interface, this blog introduces a Transaction-Based Customer…

Let's quickly discuss design checks and asserts in the Spectre Simulator Platform. Asserts (also called device checks) help design and verification engineers identify the critical design issues in their circuit, such as extreme voltages, excessive currents and current densities, unreasonable device model parameters (transistor width or length, for example), or erroneous design conditions, with the help of expressions…